下面小编为大家列举一些在英国大学 中广泛认可的表达方式以及适用语境，参考一下可以有效地避免过度重复以及语言不准确不地道的问题。
1.当作者对自己所陈述的内容非常肯定，坚定不移时
X asserts that…
X strongly argues that…
X firmly believes that…
X is committed to the idea that…
2.当作者引述极为具体细致的论据来论证其观点时
The work of X shows that…
X concludes that…
X found that…
X discovered that…
X learned that…
3.当作者本身对其所引述或陈述的观点持谨慎保留的态度时
Research by X indicates that…
X suggests that…
4.当作者仅凭个人经验表达观点时
The work of X indicates that…
X believes that…
X feels that…
5.当作者引述在读者看来值得质疑的观点时
X claims that…
